STD 8 ALL SUBJECTS QUESTIONS WITH ANSWER EXERCISE ALL QUESTIONS PDF AVAILABLE HERE
Your compliments to you for thinking ahead. It's never too early to start investing for your future. But before you consider investing, you really ought to have a plan in place.
A financial plan is your road map. It helps you figure out where you're going, what you'll need along the way, and how to get there. Investing should be integrated with your plan. And investing is only one piece of a good plan.
All that being said, you should look to make sure you have a solid financial foundation before investing everything you have. Now, you don't have to wait to invest, but you should be making progress on these other areas at the same time.
Emergency Fund
Fund
You should be setting aside funds to cover for emergencies especially if you are the primary (or sole) income provider for your young family. Ideally, you should target for anywhere from 3 months to 12 months of your fixed, recurring expenses. Generally, the higher the income and more time it would take to replace your job. I will recommend targeting for something closer to 9 or 12 months
Insurance
Make sure you have adequate insurance for your health, disability, property, and life. Relying just on employer-sponsored benefits is not a good idea. To save money on property insurance, you should increase deductibles which are all the more reason to have an adequate emergency fund. You should aim for life insurance that covers all your fixed obligations (i.e. mortgage, loans, projected college costs) plus an amount that replaces your net income for at least 20 years (or when your kids may be expected to leave home). This includes insurance for your spouse as well.
Retirement
This can be a topic all on its own. But for now, max out your retirement contributions. At the very least, you should expect to contribute an amount that will allow you to get any employer match. And don't forget to set aside for a separate spousal IRA (Individual Retirement Account).
Investing
Look to invest what you have leftover. You can control little when it comes to investing, except your costs and your allocation (and your emotions). With a plan, you can address all three. You'll have to get a handle on your risk tolerance and then match your time frame for investing with the type of investments. For instance, if you need money within a couple of years, you'll be looking at more conservative investments (like short-term bonds and certain large cap stock funds). On the other hand, the longer your time horizon until you need the money, the more you can allocate to more equity funds ( Large Cap, Diversified Cap, Mid Cap & Balanced Fund ).
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Ceramic ferrules are vital in the drawn arc stud welding process, and this blog can help you to understand it.
Ferrules are protective rings used to protect the stud during welding, and in a variety of applications, from fiber optics to stud welding. As a result, the materials involved in the welding process are less likely to be contaminated.
Small rings derived from ceramic material are called ceramic ferrules (also known as ceramic arc shields), which allows an effective drawn arc stud welding process to work. Without these, the procedure will be ineffective, and the welds will be weak. So, understanding how drawn arc stud welding works is critical.
First, the drawn arc machine is calibrated for the appropriate stud diameter. The stud is then positioned on the plate and prepared to be welded. When the process starts, the stud is slightly lifted from the plate and a pilot-arc follows.
Subsequently, the main arc that melts the stud tip into molten metal develops a metal pool on the plate. Next, the machine return-springs the stud to the plate, fusing it with the molten metal to make the extremely strong weld.
Ferrules are needed to contain the molten metal pool, preventing it from spreading ouward and leaving insufficient metal to fuse the stud to the plate and resulting in a sloppy finish.
The ceramic primarily protects the stud from the air, preventing porosity and contaminants during the welding process, and reduces UV exposure in the surrounding area. They form a ring around the stud, containing the molten pool between it and the plate. By containing the molten metal, the weld is shaped to create a neat join that is invisible and smooth.
When finished, the ferrule must be removed. Because they are ceramic, an operator easily chips away the ferrules to expose the finished weld.
They are essential, but there are some stud welding processes where they are not used, like short cycle stud welding that uses inert shielding gas in place of ferrules. It keeps contaminants in the air from affecting the molten metal, changing its properties and potentially weakening the weld. Likewise for capacitor discharge stud welding, because the different process eliminates the risk of molten metal spreading beyond the stud.
The simplest way to get ceramic ferrules for your drawn arc process is to order your drawn arc studs from Shanghai Ceratek Advance Ceramic Technology Co., Limited. All our DA studs, regardless of diameter or material, come with ceramic ferrules, so no need to pay extra for them because they're an important part of the process.
Shanghai Ceratek Advance Ceramic Technology Co.,Limited is a global leader in the design, manufacture, and supply of ceramic ferrules including zirconia ceramic, alumina ceramic, boron carbide, Silicon Carbide, and many more.
Technology based companies have always been valued differently by the public and private capital markets. 2016 has shown aggressive pre-IPO valuations of technological companies that are reminiscent of the Dot Com bubble of 2000. There are concerns that they might be too aggressive and cause the market to slip back into a position similar to the turn of the century.
Current pre-IPO companies are more diverse, geographically, compared to 2000. It will be very interesting to see which regions unicorns will remain dominant post IPO. India and China seem to hold an advantage with its combined consumer base tripling that of the United States. It would also be important to note that their e-commerce markets are growing much faster. What has always favored American companies and continues to this day, is their ability to stretch out to the global audience.
Public Tech Companies' valuations have remained fairly consistent.
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🛑🆕 ધોરણ 8 તમામ વિષયના સ્વાધ્યાયના પ્રશ્નો જવાબો સાથે ડાઉનલોડ કરવા અહીં ક્લિક કરો
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ધોરણ 6 તમામ વિષયના સ્વાધ્યાયના પ્રશ્નો જવાબો સાથે ડાઉનલોડ કરવા અહીં ક્લિક કરો
ધોરણ 7 તમામ વિષયના સ્વાધ્યાયના પ્રશ્નો જવાબો સાથે ડાઉનલોડ કરવા અહીં ક્લિક કરો
In 2000, public tech companies were valued 165% higher than the general market. The valuation of public tech companies averaged 80 times their earnings in 2000. In contrast, public tech companies of today are valued, on average, at 20 times their earnings. We can also observe that they are only valued, on average, 10% over the general market. Amongst public companies, there does not appear to be any significant risk of a bubble. Public companies seems to be much more consistent compared to the private companies
Private tech companies' valuations have been on the rise.
• The number of rounds of pre-IPO funding has increased
• The average size of venture investments more than doubled between 2013 and 2015
• The market experienced unheard of average deal sizes
• 2015 saw the highest number of deals ever recorded in a year
• Unprecedented increases between rounds of funding
• Committed funds globally rose from 110B in 2012, to 150B in 2015 (highest level ever).
Tech companies are also staying private on average 3 times longer. They are trying avoiding the IPO until accounting profits are made and footings are acquired. This means that at IPO, the companies are larger, more mature, established, and more prepared than ever before.
Since 2000, it appears the market has taken a more conservative look on the valuation of public tech companies. It's also possible that new start-ups are much more robust and deserving of their high pre-IPO valuations. Any correction now, if needed at all, is likely to seem milder than the correction of the last technology bubble.